Association of Independent Electronic Media (ANEM) held in Belgrade, 12-13 November 2015, two-day workshop titled "Media content placement via different platforms." The workshop is organized in cooperation with Deutsche Welle, within the project Competence Centre for Development of Private Local Media in Serbia, supported by the Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Head trainer was Martina Andjelkovic - journalist and owner of the agency for digital marketing. Once a B92 journalist, and now Internet marketing manager behind the online presence of the Exit Festival, Sea Dance Festival, websites Infostud Group, Drina Regatta Bajina Basta, and many other successful online campaigns.

In addition to the trainer, the panelists at the workshop were: Slobodan Krajnovic, editor in chief of the website and Radio 021 from Novi Sad, and Predrag Blagojevic, chief editor of the portal "Juzne vesti" from Nis. Krajnovic talked about the process of transformation of 021- how the portal took over the first position from the radio, while Blagojevic - on the advantages of online media comparing to traditional media. The panelists presented the examples of good practice of local media in using web portals, which could serve the participants as a model for future work and for the placement of content on their portals in adequate manner.

The workshop was designed as a combination of theory with practical examples, and practice (group work), but also included an exchange of views and experience of workshop participants. At the workshop, the participants were able to learn how to best use various platforms for the placement of their content (traditional media, portals / websites, social networks) and to improve their knowledge and skills for the practical use of social networks for placement of media content, how to get to greater number of visits with the help of tools that provide a social networks, which channels to use for obtaining credibility, the use of advertising to promote media content, how to prepare news for the various types of social networks, how to win the trust of the audience with the help of an online presence, how to avoid the classic mistakes in online presence.

The workshop was intended for members of ANEM, Local Press and the Media Association, primarily editors.

The workshop was attended by 15 representatives of the following media: Radio OK (Vranje), Radio Luna (Uzice), Radio M55 (Knjayevac), RTV Bela Palanka (Bela Palanka), RTV Stara Pazova (Stara Pazova), Radio Ozon (Sremska Mitrovica), Radio Bus (Kovin), Kolubarske, the portal (Valjevo), weekly Grad (Krusevac), Nove knjazevacka novine (Knjaževac), weekly Vesti (Uzice), Novosti (Belgrade), Radio Boom93 (Pozarevac), RTV VK Kikinda (Kikinda), TV Valjevo Plus (Valjevo).

After successfully organized four workshops, due to great interest of the media, ANEM has organized another workshop, to meet the media representatives' requests. The fifth workshop, titled "Basics of writing project proposals with the aim of co-financing of media projects", was held in Belgrade, 26 -27 November 2015. The participants were the representatives of 11 media outlets from: Belgrade (the weekly "New Magazine", weekly "Nedeljnik", Radio Laguna, daily "Danas", TV Studio B), Kovin (Radio Bus), Krusevac (weekly "Grad", the portal Krusevac City), Alibunar (Radio Far), Knjazevac ("Nove knjazevacka novine") and Bajina Basta (RTV Prima). The trainer Jasmina Debeljak Maljkovic led this workshop as well.

The aim of the workshop was to improve the knowledge and skills of media professionals, media representatives, for writing projects for competitions for co-financing of media projects, called by the competent ministry, provincial and local authorities. The combination of theory and practice at the workshop enabled the achievement of the set goal in the best way. The participants learned on the structure and basic principles of development and writing of the project with basic principles of cost planning and budgeting, as well as with the basics of the logical framework; workshop sessions were structured so that participants were introduced to the basics, rules, and different methods of designing and writing projects; requirements, criteria and priorities of the Ministry's competition; how the project idea and the proposal should be designed to comply the relevance of the project with the objectives and priorities of the competition. The practical part included the development of draft projects in the application form of the Ministry of Culture and Information - the trainer divided participants into groups, and each group worked on its own draft project, with the assistance and advice from the trainer, after which the trainer and all participants discussed and identified what was good and what needed to be improved in all draft projects. Drafts treated: poverty in Serbia, informing young people and the improvement of media literacy. Discussion and atmosphere at the workshop were excellent and very inspiring for trainer and participants. Material which participants received was intended for work at the workshop, but also for their later independent writing projects.

Most participants praised the clarity and conciseness of the lecture, the relevance of case studies, as well as the help of trainer during the practical work. The motivation of the participants, direct contact reached at the workshop, good communication and atmosphere, discussion among the participants, and good organization of the workshop were also the subject of the praise of the media representatives. According to participants, they learned a lot and improved their knowledge at the workshop, which would help them when applying to media competitions.

ANEM's fourth workshop, titled "Basics of writing project proposals with the aim of co-financing of media projects", was organized in Novi Sad, 6 -7 November 2015. The workshop was attended by 14 media representatives from: Novi Sad (RTV Vojvodina - two participants, Magazin Poetika portal, Novosadska TV), Sid (Sremska TV), Odzaci (Nase novine), Subotica (RTV City), Ruma (Radio Srem), Zrenjanin (Internet portal "ILOVEZRENJANIN"), Kula (Internet portal "Nase mesto"), Temerin (Nase novine), Pozarevac (Radio Boom93), Belgrade (EnergyObserver portal)  and Uzice (Radio Luna). The trainer was Jasmina Debeljak Maljkovic.

The aim of the training was to improve the knowledge and skills of media professionals - media representatives - for writing project proposals for the competitions for co-financing of media projects, called by the competent Ministry, provincial and local authorities.

The workshop was designed as a combination of lectures and practical work, so that participants were able to immediately apply their knowledge and information that they received. The participants were familiarized with the structure and the basic principles of the project development and writing; the basic principles of cost planning and budgeting; the basics of the logical framework. The material they were given served them to follow lectures and for practical work, but it could serve them after the training as well, when applying to competitions. Practical work included work in groups - each group worked on its own draft project in the application form of the Ministry of Culture and Information, with the advice and assistance of the trainer. All participants discussed and gave their opinion on the project concepts, while the trainer pointed each group what was good and what needed to be improved and how. That helped participants to further develop their concepts. The concepts treated the following: learning about and preserving the cultural heritage of the population in Serbia / Vojvodina, and encouraging youth interest in cultural and historical heritage; informing the public about modern methods of recycling; informing citizens about the presence of hazardous substances in water and their impact on human and animal health, and problems of people with disabilities. This workshop was very interactive, which contributed to the dynamic of the workshops and the exchange of opinions and experience.

According to the participants, the workshop was extremely useful both to the beginners (those who have not previously written the projects), and those who had some experience in applying, they have learned a lot and improve their knowledge, and that the new knowledge will help them when applying to media competitions. They particularly praised the organization of the workshop, professional competence of the trainer, interaction of the participants with the teacher and the exchange of opinions and experience between participants, the choice of workshop topic, practical examples, and clarified dilemmas after the workshop.

Third ANEM's two-day workshop, titled "Basics of writing project proposals with the aim of co-financing of media projects", was organized in Kragujevac, 29 -30 October 2015. It was led by the trainer Jasmina Debeljak Maljkovic.

The workshop was organized for representatives of the media in Serbia - journalists, editor-in-chiefs, directors, both beginners and those with some experience. Its aim was to improve the knowledge and skills of media professionals - media representatives - for writing project proposals for the competitions for co-financing of media projects, called by the competent Ministry, provincial and local authorities.

The workshop was designed so that it included both theoretical and practical components. The participants learned about the following: how to develop a project idea; the structure and development of the project proposals; the elements of the proposal and how to define them (objectives, activities, results, target groups, indicators, etc.); the principles of good project budgeting in compliance with the project activities; the basics of the logical framework. They also had the opportunity to practically use their new knowledge: divided into groups, they developed their concept of projects in the application form of the Ministry (which is mandatory also for the competitions at provincial and local level), and so practiced writing the narrative part of the application and budgeting. For this, in addition to the theoretical part of the workshop, both the material they were given, and a good example of a project in the application form of the Ministry, introduced by the trainer, were very useful. In the course of practical work, and after the development of project concepts, attendees were given assistance and expert advice from the trainer on how to create the concepts better as well as how to improve them; besides, all the participants discussed on the created concepts and gave their opinion, guided by the trainer questions. The concepts dealt with: violence against women, issues related to the persons with disabilities (two projects) and information about the consumer rights.

The workshop was very interactive, participants often asked questions, gave examples, and compared what they have heard with previous experience, which contributed to the dynamic of the workshop and the exchange of opinions and experience.

The workshop was attended by 15 media professionals - a representative of the media association Local Press, as well as media representatives from Kragujevac (Kragujevacke, Prvi na Skali portal, the news agency RAKURS), Kraljevo (Kraljevacka Television), Pirot (TV Pirot), Valjevo (TV Valjevo plus), Smederevska Palanka (TV Jasenica), Gornji Milanovac (GMinfo portal), Arandjelovac (RTV Sumadija) Novi Pazar (Regional TV - two participants), Kladovo (TV Kladovo), Cacak (Radio Joker) and Uzice (TV Lav plus ).

Analysis of the completed evaluation questionnaires showed that participants were very satisfied with the organization of the workshop and the quality of the trainer, the workshop material, as well as the concept of the workshop that included a combination of theory and practical work as well as the exchange of experience and opinions during the work on the project concepts and after that, in the discussion. Participants assessed that they learned a lot and improved their knowledge, and also that it would help them in the preparation of the projects for media competitions.

The second two-day workshop for media professionals, titled "Basics of writing project proposals with the aim of co-financing of media projects," ANEM organized in Nis, 22-23 October 2015. The workshop was led by the trainer Jasmina Debeljak Maljkovic.

The purpose of the training was to improve the knowledge and skills of media professionals - media representatives - for writing project proposals for the competitions for co-financing of media projects, called by the competent Ministry, provincial and local authorities.

During the two days of workshop, the participants were familiarized with the structure and basic principles of development and writing of the projects, also with the basic principles of cost planning and budgeting, as well as with the basics of the logical framework. The workshop sessions were structured in a way so as to enable participants to learn on the basics, rules, and different methods of designing and writing projects; requirements, criteria and priorities of the Ministry's competition; how the project idea and the proposal should be designed to comply the relevance of the project with the objectives and priorities of the competition. Participants were given the material to use at the workshop and after the training - for writing their own projects. Participants were enabled to check and apply the information and new knowledge through practical work on drafting the projects. Before the start of practical work, the trainer has introduced a good example of a project in the application form of the Ministry, so as to facilitate the participants to understand how the project should look like and which are its essential elements. Draft projects were developed in groups, with the help and advice from the trainer, while the drafts were discussed by all participants, with comments and suggestions from trainer on how to improve them; after discussion, the participants improved their drafts in line with suggestions. The issues that the participants dealt with in their draft projects were: development of cultural and artistic creation, and education, including media literacy; endangering women's rights, juvenile violence and the right of Roma to information. This workshop proved again that the presentation and discussion on all project drafts as well as shared comments are multiple useful for participants as this way they could identify common mistakes and doubts and remember them with ease. What was particularly interesting is that some of participants compared the projects they have previously done with the acquired new knowledge and noticed what did they do wrong and what should they change once they apply again.

The workshop was attended by 13 representatives of the media from Nis (Gradjanin.rs, Professional Association of Journalists of Serbia / NTV, Narodne novine, RTV Belle Amie, Super radio), Vranje (Vranjske, RTV Vranje), Pirot (Plus radio 010), Krusevac ( RTV Krusevac), Bor (RTV Bor), Pancevo (Pancevo TV, Radio Pancevo) and Aleksinac (Radio Aleksinac).

Analysis of the completed evaluation questionnaires showed that participants were very satisfied with the organization of the workshop and methodology (symbiosis of theory and practice), practical examples, the high competence and quality of trainer and the working material. Participants adopted a project terminology and resolve dilemmas they had before the workshop, learned a lot and improved their knowledge, assessing that the new knowledge would help them in writing projects for media competitions.

ANEM's project "Training of media professionals in writing project proposals for co-financing of projects for the realization of public interest in the field of public information" is co-financed from the budget of the Republic of Serbia - the Ministry of Culture and Information.

The first of four planned two-day workshops for media professionals, titled "Basics of writing project proposals with the aim of co-financing of media projects", ANEM organized in Belgrade, 14-15 July 2015. To provide participants with the best possible training, for the creation, preparation and conduct of planned workshops ANEM engaged an experienced trainer Jasmina Debeljak Maljkovic, an expert with years of experience in international and donor projects and running trainings for writing and project management.

The aim of the training was to improve the knowledge and skills of media professionals - media representatives - for writing project proposals for the competitions for co-financing of media projects, called by the competent Ministry, provincial and local authorities.

The workshop was designed as a combination of lectures, with examples of good practice, and practical work, so that participants could immediately apply and check their newly acquired knowledge. Participants were given the material to use at the workshop and after the training - for writing their own projects. During the two days of workshop, the participants were familiarized with the structure and basic principles of development and writing of the projects, also with the basic principles of cost planning and budgeting, as well as with the basics of the logical framework. The participants were enabled to apply the new information and knowledge through drafting of projects in the application form of the Ministry of Culture and Information. Split into groups, they have jointly worked on project concepts with the advice and help of the trainer. The produced concepts were discussed, and all participants gave their opinion, guided by questions of trainer, while the trainer was commenting and suggesting how to improve them. Good formulation of the overall objective and specific objectives of the project were discussed the most, so after discussion the participants continued to work on their project concepts in accordance with the discussion conclusions. All groups had a good proposal, but certain aspects they developed more (such as participation of stakeholders, dissemination plan, sustainability) after discussion and new information and ideas of how they could improve their projects.

The workshop was attended by 11 representatives of the media from Belgrade, Uzice, Valjevo, Subotica, Stara Pazova, Pozarevac, Novi Sad and Kikinda, namely: Potrosacki savetnik portal, Belgrade; Radio Luna, Uzice; Radio Patak, Valjevo; Maglocistac. portal, Subotica; Local Media Group, Novi Sad; Radio Uzice, Uzice; RTV Stara Pazova, Stara Pazova; Nase novine, Belgrade; Telegraf, Belgrade; Radio Kikinda, Kikinda; Radio Boom93, Pozarevac.

As the results of the workshop evaluation (evaluation questionnaires completed by participants) show, participants were very satisfied with the workshop generally and organization of the workshop, especially the trainer and workshop concept (a combination of theory and practice); they consider that have learned a lot and improved their knowledge, and that they would be able to apply the acquired knowledge and skills in practice.

ANEM's project "Training of media professionals in writing project proposals for co-financing of projects for the realization of public interest in the field of public information" is co-financed from the budget of the Republic of Serbia - the Ministry of Culture and Information.

The new Law on Public Information and Media (from August 2014) prescribed co-financing projects for the realization of public interest in the field of public information as the only form of state aid to media.

Law and the Rulebook that regulates this issue closely, stipulate that the majority of the members of the Competition Commission, which assess media projects submitted to competitions for project co-financing, are to be appointed on the proposal of the journalists and media associations, in accordance with the law. Bearing in mind that the rules in this area are defined for the first time, ANEM has recognized the need of its members, but also the members of partner organizations - the Association of Media and Local Press, for acquiring additional knowledge and skills necessary for a proper evaluation of media projects. This was proved in practice, by the implementation of competition procedures in the past few months. Therefore it has organized the workshop, which aim was to raise the capacity of the representatives of media, members of ANEM, Lokal press and Association of media, for competent assessment of media project proposals in accordance with the rules in the area of project co-financing of the media.

The workshop was held on 24 June 2015 in Belgrade. It was led by Vladimir Pilja, the trainer with long experience and expertise in this field. The workshop was attended by 15 representatives of the media from Nis (3), Belgrade (4), Novi Sad, Valjevo, Pozarevac, Kikinda, Knjaževac, Bajina Basta, Vranje and Uzice, namely: Radio 021, Novi Sad; Radio Boom 93 from Pozarevac; CityRadio , Nis; Web portal City Online, Nis; Web portal Juzne vesti, Nis; RTV Prima Bajina Basta; Radio OK, Vranje; Web portal Kolubarske, Valjevo; RTV VK, Kikinda; Radio Luna, Uzice; Radio M55, Knjazevac; Novosti, Belgrade (As Medi); Vreme, Belgrade (As Medi); Nase novine, Belgrade (As Medi); Radio Novosti, Beograd (As Medi). Training participants were journalists, editors, media owners, with extensive experience both in their work and in preparing and submitting applications as well as the realization of projects for different donors, which is one of the preconditions for their possible future engagement as evaluators.

The workshop was designed as a combination of acquiring new knowledge and practical work - the exercises, so that participants could immediately apply their newly acquired knowledge and obtain additional suggestions from lecturer, which would help them in their independent work on the evaluation of media projects, if they would be elected as members of the Competition Commissions. Training methodology was based on an approach that puts trainees at the same time in the position of the applicant but also in the position of evaluator due to the fact that most participants in his previous experience was largely either directly responsible or partly involved in the preparation of applications for the previous competitions for media projects. Training participants were familiarized with the basic structure of the project - what a well-written project should have; the structure of the application form of the Ministry of Culture and Information - where and which information should be written; what is the optimal budget - the structures and principles of good budgeting of activities; the criteria for assessing projects to be applied in the competitions of the Ministry, provincial and local authorities. Practical work included evaluation of projects in the application form of the Ministry of Culture - the participants were divided into 5 groups of 3 participants; each group worked on the evaluation of one project proposal and evaluated the project in the given evaluation form, with the help and advice from trainer. As an example of good practice it was presented an evaluation system that Delegation of the European Union uses for the majority of their competition and training participants had the opportunity to evaluate one project proposal in such a way.

The workshop is realized in cooperation with DW, as a part of the project Competence Centre for Development of Private Local Media in Serbia", supported by German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development.    

In cooperation with Deutsche Welle (DW), Association of Independent Electronic Media (ANEM) organized in December 2014 two 2-day trainings on writing project proposals for calls for co-financing media projects.

Trainings are the part of cooperation of ANEM, Association of Media and Local Press, with DW, on the implementation of the project Competence Centre for Development of Private Local Media in Serbia" that is supported by German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development.

These free trainings were held on 5-6th December and 11-12th December 2014 in Belgrade, for the member media of ANEM, Media Association and Local Press. There were 31 participants in trainings, representatives of the media (radio, TV, print and web portals) from 23 different cities across Serbia, out of which 23 participants were from ANEM stations.

The trainer was Jasmina Debeljak, an expert with years of experience in international and donor projects and trainings for project writing and project management. The concept of the trainings was a combination of theoretical approach with examples from practice, and hands-on work in groups, where participants had the opportunity to apply their newly acquired knowledge.

The aim of the trainings was raising capacities of the media outlets, members of ANEM, as well as the Association of Media and Local Press, for writing project proposals to be submitted to calls for co-financing of projects for the fulfilment of public interest in the area of public information that will be carried out at all levels of government (local, republic and of the autonomous province). ANEM recognized the need to raise the capacities for the said fundraising of its own member stations and the members of partners' associations as the new Law on Public Information and Media stipulated the project co-financing as the only form of the state aid to media (except in special cases) and as the Law and the related Rulebook introduced numerous new rules in this area. By improving these capacities, the media have more chances to ensure a part of needed funds for their functioning through project co-financing. By these trainings, ANEM strived to help them to be more successful in such fundraising. 

The workshop ANEM organized for its most successful journalists, selected at the internal competition to participate in the production of the series "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption" as journalists-correspondents, was held on May 16, 2013 in Belgrade. The aim of this workshop was to present to the journalists the concept of episodes that will be produced within the series, as well as to provide them with explanation of their role and tasks in the production. The workshop was organized as part of the activities of the ANEM project "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption", supported by the European Union.

The workshop was conducted by members of the ANEM production team - Aleksandar Jankovic, executive producer and editor of the series, journalists Jelena Veljkovic and Sandra Mandic, who are also trainers in this project, as well as Zlatko Minic - journalist and an anti-corruption expert.

12 out of 14 journalists-correspondents selected from ANEM member stations across Serbia participated in the workshop: Oliver Trajkovic from Bujanovac, Novka Ilic from Uzice, Dragica Pavlov Krstic from Pirot, Dijana Suboticki from Kikinda, Ivana Petrovic from Nis, Darija Rankovic from Valjevo, Miodrag Sovilj from Novi Sad, Sandra Irsevic from Subotica, Dijana Scekic Astalkovski from Sremska Mitrovica, Milan Petrovic from Knjazevac, Uros Urosevic from Pozarevac and Tatjana Djuric from Smederevo. Journalists-correspondents from stations across the country were selected in the internal competition carried out by ANEM among its members during March and April.

In this workshop, which served as the editorial meeting, members of the production team from Belgrade provided detailed explanations to local journalists-correspondents with regards to their role and responsibilities in the production of the series "llustrated Glossary of Corruption". Also, 20 selected terms related to corruption, to be illustrated in the episodes by means of relevant local stories, were carefully considered and individually explained. Every journalist-correspondent was assigned with a specific topic/term related to corruption and precisely defined tasks related to research of relevant stories, writing of synopses of local stories, providing contacts with interlocutors, logistical support for the organization of the recording, participation in the recording of the materials, as well as other forms of collaboration with lead journalists/trainers. Additionally, the journalists-correspondents were introduced to the concept of episodes to be produced under this project, while a special emphasis was given to the work methodology, research and preparation for the recording of the programs.

The series "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption" will consist of 21 radio and 21 TV episodes. Each of 20 radio and 20 TV episodes will treat one out of 20 key terms related to corruption, selected and defined by experts of the Anti-Corruption Agency, while the 21st episode, both radio and TV, will represent a retrospective of all the previous ones and analysed terms related to corruption. The episodes will contain a significant educational component in order to contribute to educating citizens about corruption, its various forms and mechanisms of preventing and combating it. The series will be broadcast at the beginning of 2014 on ANEM local and regional radio and TV stations across Serbia.

The results of the survey, completed by the workshop participants, show that the workshop has reached its objective - to make the concept of programs, roles in the production and concrete assignments completely clear to journalists-correspondents. Participants in the workshop also assessed that this kind of preparation was deemed extremely important and that it would significantly contribute to quality of their work.

ANEM's Project "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption" is financed by the European Union within the Civil Society Facility Programme.

The second seminar, which ANEM organized for its members as part of the activities within the project "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption", was held on March 29, 2013, in Belgrade. The leading trainers at the seminar were two prominent journalists Brankica Stankovic and Danica Vučenic, who gave lectures on the principles and techniques of investigative journalism, with particular emphasis on the area of ​​corruption, as well as the process of making TV and radio features. Besides the two journalists, expert lawyers of the ANEM legal team from the law office "Zivkovic&Samardzic" - Slobodan Kremenjak and Kruna Savovic - gave lectures on freedom and legal boundaries of investigative journalism, particularly in the area of ​​corruption. The seminar was attended by 22 journalists from ANEM stations and 2 members of ANEM production team. The aim of this seminar was to enable journalists of ANEM stations to acquire knowledge and to receive expert and practical advice and explanations of how to professionally report on topics related to corruption without overstepping legal limits.

Journalist Danica Vucenic spoke about the origins of investigative journalism, its principles and techniques, particularly related to radio journalism. With her practical advice and specific examples, she explained to the participants how radio features are done, particularly those treating topics of corruption. Special attention was paid to: principles of investigative journalism (real investigative journalism relies on information from reliable sources - public, such as the Internet, libraries, documents, archives, etc., anonymous sources, whereby journalists must cross-check at least two opposing sources, as well as "confidential sources" in order to confirm and substantiate specific information, which is also important for the protection of media from potential lawsuits); the differences between making features for TV and radio (what distinguishes radio from TV is primarly dominating sound, more personal communication with the audience, direct addressing to an individual; key question and a challenge - how to present topics of corruption with no images, no speakers who could be seen or graphics and cover shots, usually used on TV; all of the above needs to be depicted with words so that it is understandable and interesting to the listener; journalists have to create a sound atmosphere in the radio feature that draws the audience into the story); radio packages/features dealing with themes of corruption (any radio piece, package of 2-3 minutes in duration or feature of 5-7 minutes, has two parts - introduction and the "body", comprising a unified piece; introduction should be short, clear, interesting, and it draws the listener into the whole story - the introduction contains key information discovered during the research/investigative work and is read by the radio host/speaker in the studio, not by a journalist who was working on the piece, which gives the journalist the freedom to create the body of the story the way he/she wants, describing to the listener his/her impressions of what he/she has discovered; radio package of 2-3 minutes contains an answer to only one key question, whereas the package of 5-7 minutes may contain an answer to one key question and one minor additional question or an explanation that is part of that context - this package should include two to three speakers who are involved in the story, protagonists, witnesses, and one or two persons to explain the whole story (vox pop, maybe) and one sound segment that cannot be longer than 15 to 20 seconds - 30 seconds at the most; emotion in the piece is very important; the role of interlocutors in the piece is not to reveal the news, but to explain it, comment on it, describe the situation and share their feelings about the event; person suspected to have committed a corrupt activity is the last to be interviewed, with prior thorough investigation of all relevant aspects; it is critical for interviews to be well prepared, to predict possible answers and the corresponding additional questions in order to obtain desired information from the interviewee). At the end of her lecture, Danica Vucenic advised the present journalists to continue to follow stories and topics that will be treated in this project, to keep them "rolling", to take different approaches to the topics, to present different angles, in different segments of the program, because keeping the story rolling is the only way for these stories to become meaningful and take effect.

Journalist Brankica Stankovic, editor and author of the series "Insider", and Miodrag Cvorovic, producer of the series, shared their experiences in making of this renowned investigative documentary TV series. They described the process, techniques and principles of work in investigative journalism. They also explained work phases in investigative TV programs: a journalist must first read everything ever published on a selected topic, as well as examine laws and regulations concerning the area to which the topics are related; that being done, a journalist or a team needs to draft a list of potential participants, those who will participate in the programs as well as those who can help out by providing information; their contacts are obtained and off-the-record interviews conducted, with all the collected information being written down; at the same time, competent authorities are being contacted with requests for information; then, the story plan with crossed-checked information obtained and analyzed is made; when the journalist is absolutely sure he/she has all the relevant information and the story worked out, then the interviews are recorded; then, visual and graphic solutions are done, video archives is prepared, as well as dramatization and reconstructions; only when all interviewees are recorded and material and documentation collected, then the journalist starts preparing the text for the editing; prior to entering the editing studio, legal team reviews the material. Trainers also discussed with the participants the specifics of investigative journalism in relation to the daily neswroom: investigative journalism requires the engagement of a team of journalists; each topic requires a lot of time, as opposed to the "daily newsroom" journalism - this is quite difficult, but not impossible to ensure in local newsrooms; particularly important are the sources, communication and establishing a relationship based on mutual trust; also very important is the unconditional support of media editors. The trainers also talked about the problems and challenges of this genre of journalism. The participants and lecturers agreed that investigative journalism in Serbia is expensive and difficult to practice, that journalists and media are exposed to constant pressure, that the problem is usually pushed under the rug instead of being openly spoken about in public, and that the role of the media in informing the public about social problems and public pressure created by using the media are very important for resolving these problems and the development of society, which is generally lacking, especially at the local level.

Lawyers Slobodan Kremenjak and Kruna Savovic warned journalists to what they should pay particular attention when investigating and preparing radio and TV features, to avoid the risk of getting sued. What is most important is that journalists double check everything and obtain all the documents and supporting materials before they release the story. They should also pay particular attention to all parts of the story/program, including, for example, TV cover shots - what is presented to the public and how it is presented. Also, journalists should not "pass judgments" - the courts should do that - journalists should rather tell a story in such a way that the viewer/listener can easily conclude from the presented evidence who is responsible (or not), to be able to draw their own conclusions on the basis of the information and evidence provided. The audience does not have to be presented with all available evidence, but it is mandatory that such materials exist for every or any information released to the public, in case of a legal proceedings being initiated (materials such as copies of criminal complaints, requests to the Prosecutor's Office and courts with reference to the Law on Free Access to Information of Public Importance, responses of prosecution and courts etc.). It is particularly important to take into account possible claims for defamation and insult, for expressing value judgments (insult) or conveying erroneous facts (defamation). Journalists were warned that decriminalization of defamation does not mean that journalists could not be sued for defamation, but it means that only civil proceedings could be led for defamation, not criminal proceedings. Although the law says that the media/journalists are not liable for damages if the information is faithfully conveyed from a document of the competent authority, it has happened that courts interpreted this otherwise, which is why the information conveyed in this way should be additionally checked. The lawyers emphasized that journalists should be particularly careful when providing information concerning minors.

The participants were also addressed by Sasa Mirkovic, ANEM President, as well as the representatives of the ANEM team for the implementation of the project "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption". They have provided basic information about the project objectives, activities and phases of the project and different forms of participation of ANEM stations in its implementation (training for journalists, participation in the production, broadcasting, participation in promotional activities). Special attention was paid to the internal competition, called by ANEM, for selecting journalists-correspondents who will participate in the production of the radio and TV series. It was explained in detail to the present journalists what is expected of them as participants in the competition, and what will be the obligations of those selected to take part in the production.

With the prominent lecturers, who shared with the participants of the seminar their high professional skills and knowledge on various  aspects of investigative journalism in the area of ​​corruption (both journalistic and legal) as well as their professional and practical advice on how to report on corruption, with provided explanation and answers to questions of the participants, the seminar achieved great effect and journalists of ANEM stations significantly improved their knowledge in this field, which they will be able to use in their future professional dealing with these topics.

Within the project "Illustrated Glossary of Corruption", ANEM organized, in cooperation with its project partner, the Anti-Corruption Agency, a seminar "Mechanisms for preventing corruption in Serbia". The seminar was intended for journalists of ANEM stations, who had the opportunity to acquire theoretical knowledge about corruption, its forms and mechanisms for the prevention and combating it. Due to a great response and interest of journalists, the seminar was held for two days in a row, on February 27 and 28, 2013, for different participants, in the premises of the Anti-Corruption Agency and with Agency's trainers. The seminar was attended by 27 journalists from ANEM radio and TV stations, as well as 2 members of the ANEM production team.

The seminar was divided into several thematic sections. Nine trainers from the Agency, coming from different sectors of the institution, provided the participants with essential information about corruption and mechanisms for its prevention and combating it, main competencies of this independent state body, especially those related to conflict of interest, control of financing of political entities, register and control of officials, property and gifts. Lecturers also acquainted seminar participants with the complaints of citizens, protection of whistleblowers, as well as with the legal framework relevant for this field. In the focus of the lectures were also selected key terms related to corruption that will be covered in the radio and TV series, to be produced within the project. 

During the introductory lecture, journalists were able to learn that there are several definitions of corruption, and that it is interpreted, in the broadest sense, as any abuse of office by a state employee or a person holding public office (official), with the aim of acquiring personal and/or financial benefit; that there are two levels of corruption - high (political) and lower, administrative level; about the causes and consequences of corruption and corrupt behavior; about the most common forms of corruption, with the particular emphasis on patronage (assigning positions or benefits to individuals regardless on the qualities - nepotism, with family members), bribery (the act of offering money, services or other value to receive benefits in return), fraud (theft of state property/public goods by public officials) etc; about perception of corruption, how it is measured and why it is important; about integrity (personal, institutional, and social), as a term contrary to the term 'corruption' and accordingly, accountability and transparency were discussed as prerequisites for effective, efficient and fair management in the public authorities.

Particular focus of the seminar was also put on the conflict of interest, defined by the Agency as a situation in which an official has a private interest that affects, may affect or may be perceived to affect actions of the official in discharge of public office or official duties in a manner that compromises public interest. Each of these situations was individually explained through examples. Participants learned who is called an official and who associated persons are considered to be, what a public office is and what the rules relating to the discharge of multiple functions or other jobs or activity are - for example, that there is legal prohibition on the discharge of any other public office, with few exceptions; that an official may not perform other jobs or engagements during his tenure in public office that requires full-time or permanent work contract to be signed, with few exceptions, nor may he/she establish a commercial company/public service/commence engagement in private occupation during tenure of public office; also, that an official is obliged to inform his/her superior and the Agency regarding any doubts concerning possible conflict of interest or the situation of conflict of interest he/she or an associated person may be in etc. The participants were informed in detail about the competences and practices of the Agency in this area in accordance with the Law on the Anti-Corruption Agency, such as giving opinions, directives and answers to questions regarding the application of regulations concerning the resolution of conflicts of interest; giving or denying consent in connection with official's request for discharge of other public function, job/activity; acting on complaints (submitted by citizens or ex officio) and pronouncing appropriate measures against officials for violation of provisions of the Agency's Law or other legislation containing provisions on preventing conflict of interest; filing misdemeanor charges.

In the part of the seminar dealing with the control of financing of political entities (political parties, coalitions, citizens' groups), journalists were given explanations to the solutions provided in the Law on the financing of political activities. Journalists learnt that there are two types of sources of financing of political entities - public, which is allocated, under equal conditions, to all political entities, and private (membership fee, contribution, inheritance, legacy, property income and bank loans); what the maximum value is that individuals and legal entities may donate to political entities on an annual basis; in which cases financing of political entities is banned; what the difference is between the financing of regular work of political entities and the financing of election campaign costs and, within that, the obligation of political entities to keep records (accounting and special records of contributions, gifts, property, etc.), to report to the Agency (by filing the annual financial statements and reports on the costs of the election campaign), open a separate account for election campaign; what electoral guarantee is, as the new legal obligation of political entities using public funds to finance election campaigns; the competences of the Agency in this area and its powers in the event of violation of the law (such as warnings, filing misdemeanor or criminal charges, a decision on the loss of the right to public funds for the following year, a decision on temporary suspension of the transfer of funds from public sources until the adoption of a final decision in a criminal or misdemeanor proceedings).

Also, in a separate segment of the seminar, journalists could hear about the records kept by the Agency and what they included - Registry of officials, Registry of property of officials, Catalogue of gifts, as well as search options of these records; reports that an official is required to submit to the Agency (regular reports on property and income of official and associated persons - within 30 days of election, appointment or nomination and within 30 days of termination of public office of the official concerned, as well as special reports, in case of significant changes in the reported data), and which officials are not required to file reports; gifts - an official must not accept gifts in connection with the discharge of public office, except protocol gift or other appropriate gift, but not even then if the gift is in money or securities; an official is obliged to report any gift received in connection with the discharge of public office and to hand it over to the competent authority, with few exceptions; even the associated person of an official must not receive gifts in connection with the discharge of public office of the official in question, with few exceptions; when the official is obliged to refuse the gifts; the body in which the official holds public office shall keep records of gifts and deliver it to the Agency. Participants also learned that the body in which the public official holds public office is required to report the official's taking of public office as well as termination of office; the official is required to transfer its management rights, but his/her management function cannot be transferred; the legal entity in which an official owns a stake/shares, is obliged to notify the Agency of the process of privatization and public procurement in which it participates; the Agency controls the data provided by officials in cooperation with other relevant institutions and bodies. In the event of violation of the Law concerning said obligations, the Agency files misdemeanor charges, except in one case when Agency files criminal charges - when official fails to report property to the Agency or gives false information about the property. Journalists have also learnt more about the integrity plans - that they include measures to prevent and eliminate possibilities for the emergence and development of corruption, which public authorities are required to adopt, as well as that the Agency monitors their adoption and implementation.

In the last lecture - the complaints of citizens and the protection of whistleblowers, journalists found out more about the complaints of citizens, who used them to point to the corruption cases or express their suspicion of corrupt activities; the complaints may be filed by both natural and legal persons, only in writing, by email or post, in the form of motion or exact form which could be found, together with the request form for protection of whistleblowers, on the website of the Agency; the Agency acts on the complaint, analyzes the case in question and requests additional information from other authorities, since the Agency does not have investigative powers; in these cases, other authorities are obliged to  cooperate with the Agency. Also, journalists learned that the status of a whistleblower can be given to a person who is employed by a public authority and reports suspicions of corrupt behavior in the body where he/she works; besides the complaint, this person also submits a request for protection; the Agency protects whistleblowers from retaliation of responsible persons; the whistleblower cannot be fired for two years from obtaining the status of whistleblower; the Agency acts on complaints and whistleblower complaints relating to events starting from January 1, 2010, namely the date of the Law coming into force, and although it is not obliged to act on anonymous complaints, the Agency still does so, whenever possible.

In the opinion of journalists, the seminar was rated as very high in quality. They obtained new knowledge on corruption, its forms and mechanisms for preventing and combating it, that are applicable to their future research and reporting on issues of corruption, which was the aim of the seminar. Of particular importance to the journalists was interaction with lecturers, who provided them with specific answers to their questions, in addition to expert information and explanation.

On March 21, 2012, ANEM organized in Belgrade, at NUNS premises, a workshop for its members on General binding instruction of the RBA to radio and television stations (broadcasters) in the pre-election campaign for local, provincial and republic parliamentary elections, the presidential elections and elections for national councils of national minorities. The panelists of the workshop, held in Belgrade, were representatives of the RBA - Goran Karadzic, Deputy Chairman of the RBA Council and Dragan Lukic, Head of the monitoring and analysis of the RBA, as well as Ksenija Golubovic-Filipovic and Slobodan Kremenjak,  ANEM lawyers from the law office "Zivkovic&Samardzic". Guest of the workshop was Gordana Susa, a member of the RBA Council.

In view of the forthcoming elections and current popularity of the topic, the response of participants was remarkable. The workshop was attended by 31 representatives of 21 ANEM stations: Radio Srbobran from Srbobran; Radio Paracin from Paracin; Radio Far from Alibunar; Radio Patak from Valjevo; Radio Luna from Uzice; Beograd, Radio Bus from Kovin; Radio Em from Knjazevac; Radio Pozega from Pozega, Radio Plus from Pirot; RTV OK from Kovacica; RTK from Kragujevac, RTV Sumadija from Arandjelovac; RTV Srem from Ruma, RTV Krusevac from Krusevac; RTV Trstenik from Trstenik; RTV Caribrod from Dimitrovgrad; RTV Prima from Bajina Basta; TV Smederevo from Smederevo; TV Pozega from Pozega; TV Panonija from Novi Sad and Sremska TV from Sid. Also present at the workshop were the representatives of RTV Kraljevo and Radio Active from Becej.

The Republic Broadcasting Agency brought the General Binding Instruction on March 7, 2012, prescribing the conduct of broadcasters during pre-election campaigns. Unlike previously passed Instructions that were brought in the past specifically addressing the concrete elections, this Instruction of the RBA are universal and comprehensive in character and should be valid for all future elections, with possible further modifications and shaping, in order to reach the final text that would be clear, acceptable and enforceable. The document contains instructions that apply to all radio and TV stations; that are particularly relevant to organizations with the status of public broadcasting service, including radio and TV stations of local and regional importance, as well as radio and TV stations of the civil sector; the instructions that are specifically related to the commercial broadcasters and the instructions relating to the presentation of election lists and candidates at the forthcoming elections for national minority councils.

Given the importance of this Instruction of the RBA for broadcasters and the fact that the election campaign has already begun, ANEM has timely provided its members with an opportunity to acquire answers to all their questions directly from the most competent interlocutors - the RBA representatives, regarding practical application of specific rules provided in the Instructions. Along with the representatives of the RBA, present lawyers from ANEM's Legal department have also significantly contributed to the quality of discussions and answers with their legal interpretation and clarification of the rules of the Instructions. They discussed all the important instructions applicable to the upcoming elections, scheduled for May 6, 2012. In addition to clarification of instructions applying to all broadcasters, particularly clarified were the differences in the obligations of commercial broadcasters from those founded by local governments; the difference between the usual reporting on the work of authorities and reporting on the pre-election campaign; restrictions in broadcasting of paid TV time for pre-election presentation; limitations regarding the duration and marking of political advertising slots and other political advertising rules; respect of the principle of equal representation in radio and TV programs of all participants in the electoral process; the application of rules on labeling radio and TV programs with "pre-election program"; what was considered as indirect political propaganda, and so on.

According to the participants, representatives of ANEM radio and TV stations, the workshop was very useful, given that many of them had a lot of doubts regarding the application of prescribed rules and their obligations during the pre-election campaign and the elections. The workshop has contributed to their better understanding of the Instruction, as well as how to implement the rules prescribed by the document. Also, this workshop has enabled them to obtain competent advices about how they can solve specific problems or challenges in their daily work during the pre-election campaign. Besides the right choice of topic and high quality of speakers, debate, the manner in which the topic was treated, as well as the quality of answers provided, the participants of the workshop emphasized the particular importance of having had the opportunity to communicate directly with representatives of the RBA, otherwise not easily available to them.

By organizing this workshop, ANEM continued to provide much needed support to its stations in a manner that would assist them in fulfilling their task of timely, objective and accurate informing of the public during the pre-election campaign. ANEM will prepare an extended report for its other stations that were not able to attend the workshop, with advices and instructions, which will be made available to them on ANEM Intranet.

This workshop was organized with the support from the Civil Rights Defenders.

On February 2, 2012, ANEM organized a workshop on reporting on cultural diversity of ethnic minorities in the Belgrade Media Center. The workshop was organized within the project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity", for journalists and editors of ANEM radio and TV stations. It consisted of a theoretical part, which was led by prof. Snjezana Milivojevic (Faculty of Political Sciences, Belgrade) and prof. Dragan Popadic (Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade) and the practical part, namely training of journalists led by Boban Trajkovic, TV reporter from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad. The workshop was attended by 25 journalists from 16 ANEM radio and TV stations: RTV B92, Radio Kikinda (Kikinda), Radio Far (Alibunar), Radio Paracin (Paracin), RTV OK (Kovacica), Ema Radio (Bujanovac), Radio Plus (Pirot), Radio Srbobran (Srbobran), TV Kladovo (Kladovo), RTV Mlava (Petrovac on Mlava), RTV Caribrod (Dimitrovgrad), Radio Bus (Kovin), RTK Kragujevac (Kragujevac), RTV VK (Kikinda), TV Smederevo (Smederevo), RTV Krusevac (Krusevac).

The workshop aimed at providing opportunity to journalists to learn, through theoretical and practical approach to treatment of topics, more about media reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic communities: why the reporting of ethnic cultural diversity is important for the media and society; how are these topics currently reported on; what stereotypes on ethnic minorities exist and how they are shaped through the media and in public discourse; how can stereotypes be changed and how they are related to the promotion of tolerance and diversity; what is the role of media in that process; in what manner should journalists choose their topics and interlocutors and what their approach to these topics should be, in order to contribute, with their reporting, to "breaking" of stereotypes of an ethnic community.

In the theoretical part of the workshop, prof. Milivojevic talked about the media diversity, what it was and why it was important that the media dealt with diversities. The professor also elaborated on general features of media content on ethnic minorities existing in Serbia and presented the results of the Research, conducted under this project, on coverage of cultural diversity of ethnic minorities. Diversity is an indicator of general democracy of a society and presents the degree of tolerance and the willingness of society to see, acknowledge, recognize and accept the differences that exist in the society; on the other hand, diversity is an indicator of professionalism in the media and the readiness of media professionals to acknowledge, in the production of media content, the views, characteristics, way of thinking and interlocutors, who are not part of the dominant groups of society. There are very different ways of treatment and presentation of ethnic minorities in the media, which indicate the quality of media work and the contribution of media in their presentation: invisibility (usually, ignoring of specifics of a minority), a simplified presentation of minorities (the stereotypical presentation) and very open discrimination against minorities that includes aggressive exclusion of minorities, which sometimes results in hate speech. Reporting that acknowledges diversity is a major challenge and a difficult task for the media, especially when it comes to ethnic diversity, bearing in mind the post-conflict character of our region. Speaking about the Research, Milivojevic stated that its goal was to determine the characteristics of presentation, correlation/role of journalists, the correlation/role of media and correlation/role (perception) of audience in the creation of the dominant image of selected ethnic minorities and diversities. The Research has shown that it is necessary to change the current way of reporting on ethnic minorities, as well as journalistic practice, to achieve a reduction in distance and intolerance towards certain ethnic minorities. In addition to Research results, professor Milivojevic also gave recommendations for reporting on ethnic cultural diversity.

Dragan Popadic, PhD, professor at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade, talked about ethnic stereotypes, their origin, and subsistence through the media, popular culture and everyday communication, as wll as how stereotypes could be changed and how they were associated with promotion of tolerance and diversity. Professor Popadic explained the difference between prejudice (general feeling), stereotypes (general belief) and discrimination (behavior). He presented the possible causes of stereotypes, according to different theories - ethnocentrism and the division on "us" and "them"; stereotype, as a result of correlation between the two groups, where the content of a stereotype depends on the difference in status between groups and existence of cooperation/conflict between the two. Popadic used a case study (correlation of cooperation between two countries and correlation of their conflict and political disagreements) to explain the originating of stereotypes and role of media in that process. He also explained the key role of media, as means of mass communication, in reduction of stereotypes and prejudices: the media should contribute to increase of tolerance, understanding and acceptance of diversity with their reporting on other ethnic groups and respecting of their differences.

The aim of the second, practical part of the workshop, led by Boban Trajkovic, TV journalist from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad, was to provide journalists with practical examples of good and bad journalistic practice in the production of such programs. The journalists had the opportunity to see and hear examples of television and radio reporting on this topic, and jointly analyze and discuss them. Watching and discussing TV reports from Kosovo and Southern Serbia, as well as listening to radio features from multiethnic Vojvodina, journalists, together with the trainers, concluded that a good way to combat stereotypes and prejudices in society was story told about an individual and his daily life.

Summing up all said and heard at the workshop, prof. Milivojevic told present journalists that breaking stereotypes was not an easy job, but that mission of the media was to have a critical attitude towards reality, which implied a critical distance to what was reported about, which excluded deliberate "recycling" of stereotypes. She pointed out that the media should provide a variety of different representations of all of us living in one society, abundance and an opportunity to be all equally heard and seen in a public debate.

By participating in this workshop, which included both theoretical and practical approach, journalists had the opportunity to understand the ways in which ethnic stereotypes are created and strengthened through the chain involving both the media/journalists and the public, to hear and discuss about the possible ways to overcome stereotypes, about their responsibility in this process, and to exchange experiences and views on what would be the best way of reporting on these issues. Journalists from ANEM stations were very interested in the topic of the workshop, confirming the need for improvement of the existing method of reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic minorities, which the entire ANEM project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity" is committed to.

This project is financially supported by the European Union through the project "Support to Civil Society", managed by the Delegation of the European Union to the Republic of Serbia and implemented by GOPA Consultants.

The contents of this text are the sole responsibility of ANEM and can in no way be taken to reflect the views and stands of the European Union.

On February 2, 2012, ANEM organized a workshop on reporting on cultural diversity of ethnic minorities in the Belgrade Media Center. The workshop was organized within the project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity", for journalists and editors of ANEM radio and TV stations. It consisted of a theoretical part, which was led by prof. Snjezana Milivojevic (Faculty of Political Sciences, Belgrade) and prof. Dragan Popadic (Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade) and the practical part, namely training of journalists led by Boban Trajkovic, TV reporter from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad. The workshop was attended by 25 journalists from 16 ANEM radio and TV stations: RTV B92, Radio Kikinda (Kikinda), Radio Far (Alibunar), Radio Paracin (Paracin), RTV OK (Kovacica), Ema Radio (Bujanovac), Radio Plus (Pirot), Radio Srbobran (Srbobran), TV Kladovo (Kladovo), RTV Mlava (Petrovac on Mlava), RTV Caribrod (Dimitrovgrad), Radio Bus (Kovin), RTK Kragujevac (Kragujevac), RTV VK (Kikinda), TV Smederevo (Smederevo), RTV Krusevac (Krusevac).

The workshop aimed at providing opportunity to journalists to learn, through theoretical and practical approach to treatment of topics, more about media reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic communities: why the reporting of ethnic cultural diversity is important for the media and society; how are these topics currently reported on; what stereotypes on ethnic minorities exist and how they are shaped through the media and in public discourse; how can stereotypes be changed and how they are related to the promotion of tolerance and diversity; what is the role of media in that process; in what manner should journalists choose their topics and interlocutors and what their approach to these topics should be, in order to contribute, with their reporting, to "breaking" of stereotypes of an ethnic community.

In the theoretical part of the workshop, prof. Milivojevic talked about the media diversity, what it was and why it was important that the media dealt with diversities. The professor also elaborated on general features of media content on ethnic minorities existing in Serbia and presented the results of the Research, conducted under this project, on coverage of cultural diversity of ethnic minorities. Diversity is an indicator of general democracy of a society and presents the degree of tolerance and the willingness of society to see, acknowledge, recognize and accept the differences that exist in the society; on the other hand, diversity is an indicator of professionalism in the media and the readiness of media professionals to acknowledge, in the production of media content, the views, characteristics, way of thinking and interlocutors, who are not part of the dominant groups of society. There are very different ways of treatment and presentation of ethnic minorities in the media, which indicate the quality of media work and the contribution of media in their presentation: invisibility (usually, ignoring of specifics of a minority), a simplified presentation of minorities (the stereotypical presentation) and very open discrimination against minorities that includes aggressive exclusion of minorities, which sometimes results in hate speech. Reporting that acknowledges diversity is a major challenge and a difficult task for the media, especially when it comes to ethnic diversity, bearing in mind the post-conflict character of our region. Speaking about the Research, Milivojevic stated that its goal was to determine the characteristics of presentation, correlation/role of journalists, the correlation/role of media and correlation/role (perception) of audience in the creation of the dominant image of selected ethnic minorities and diversities. The Research has shown that it is necessary to change the current way of reporting on ethnic minorities, as well as journalistic practice, to achieve a reduction in distance and intolerance towards certain ethnic minorities. In addition to Research results, professor Milivojevic also gave recommendations for reporting on ethnic cultural diversity.

Dragan Popadic, PhD, professor at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade, talked about ethnic stereotypes, their origin, and subsistence through the media, popular culture and everyday communication, as wll as how stereotypes could be changed and how they were associated with promotion of tolerance and diversity. Professor Popadic explained the difference between prejudice (general feeling), stereotypes (general belief) and discrimination (behavior). He presented the possible causes of stereotypes, according to different theories - ethnocentrism and the division on "us" and "them"; stereotype, as a result of correlation between the two groups, where the content of a stereotype depends on the difference in status between groups and existence of cooperation/conflict between the two. Popadic used a case study (correlation of cooperation between two countries and correlation of their conflict and political disagreements) to explain the originating of stereotypes and role of media in that process. He also explained the key role of media, as means of mass communication, in reduction of stereotypes and prejudices: the media should contribute to increase of tolerance, understanding and acceptance of diversity with their reporting on other ethnic groups and respecting of their differences.

The aim of the second, practical part of the workshop, led by Boban Trajkovic, TV journalist from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad, was to provide journalists with practical examples of good and bad journalistic practice in the production of such programs. The journalists had the opportunity to see and hear examples of television and radio reporting on this topic, and jointly analyze and discuss them. Watching and discussing TV reports from Kosovo and Southern Serbia, as well as listening to radio features from multiethnic Vojvodina, journalists, together with the trainers, concluded that a good way to combat stereotypes and prejudices in society was story told about an individual and his daily life.

Summing up all said and heard at the workshop, prof. Milivojevic told present journalists that breaking stereotypes was not an easy job, but that mission of the media was to have a critical attitude towards reality, which implied a critical distance to what was reported about, which excluded deliberate "recycling" of stereotypes. She pointed out that the media should provide a variety of different representations of all of us living in one society, abundance and an opportunity to be all equally heard and seen in a public debate.

By participating in this workshop, which included both theoretical and practical approach, journalists had the opportunity to understand the ways in which ethnic stereotypes are created and strengthened through the chain involving both the media/journalists and the public, to hear and discuss about the possible ways to overcome stereotypes, about their responsibility in this process, and to exchange experiences and views on what would be the best way of reporting on these issues. Journalists from ANEM stations were very interested in the topic of the workshop, confirming the need for improvement of the existing method of reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic minorities, which the entire ANEM project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity" is committed to.

This project is financially supported by the European Union through the project "Support to Civil Society", managed by the Delegation of the European Union to the Republic of Serbia and implemented by GOPA Consultants.

The contents of this text are the sole responsibility of ANEM and can in no way be taken to reflect the views and stands of the European Union.

On February 2, 2012, ANEM organized a workshop on reporting on cultural diversity of ethnic minorities in the Belgrade Media Center. The workshop was organized within the project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity", for journalists and editors of ANEM radio and TV stations. It consisted of a theoretical part, which was led by prof. Snjezana Milivojevic (Faculty of Political Sciences, Belgrade) and prof. Dragan Popadic (Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade) and the practical part, namely training of journalists led by Boban Trajkovic, TV reporter from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad. The workshop was attended by 25 journalists from 16 ANEM radio and TV stations: RTV B92, Radio Kikinda (Kikinda), Radio Far (Alibunar), Radio Paracin (Paracin), RTV OK (Kovacica), Ema Radio (Bujanovac), Radio Plus (Pirot), Radio Srbobran (Srbobran), TV Kladovo (Kladovo), RTV Mlava (Petrovac on Mlava), RTV Caribrod (Dimitrovgrad), Radio Bus (Kovin), RTK Kragujevac (Kragujevac), RTV VK (Kikinda), TV Smederevo (Smederevo), RTV Krusevac (Krusevac).

The workshop aimed at providing opportunity to journalists to learn, through theoretical and practical approach to treatment of topics, more about media reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic communities: why the reporting of ethnic cultural diversity is important for the media and society; how are these topics currently reported on; what stereotypes on ethnic minorities exist and how they are shaped through the media and in public discourse; how can stereotypes be changed and how they are related to the promotion of tolerance and diversity; what is the role of media in that process; in what manner should journalists choose their topics and interlocutors and what their approach to these topics should be, in order to contribute, with their reporting, to "breaking" of stereotypes of an ethnic community.

In the theoretical part of the workshop, prof. Milivojevic talked about the media diversity, what it was and why it was important that the media dealt with diversities. The professor also elaborated on general features of media content on ethnic minorities existing in Serbia and presented the results of the Research, conducted under this project, on coverage of cultural diversity of ethnic minorities. Diversity is an indicator of general democracy of a society and presents the degree of tolerance and the willingness of society to see, acknowledge, recognize and accept the differences that exist in the society; on the other hand, diversity is an indicator of professionalism in the media and the readiness of media professionals to acknowledge, in the production of media content, the views, characteristics, way of thinking and interlocutors, who are not part of the dominant groups of society. There are very different ways of treatment and presentation of ethnic minorities in the media, which indicate the quality of media work and the contribution of media in their presentation: invisibility (usually, ignoring of specifics of a minority), a simplified presentation of minorities (the stereotypical presentation) and very open discrimination against minorities that includes aggressive exclusion of minorities, which sometimes results in hate speech. Reporting that acknowledges diversity is a major challenge and a difficult task for the media, especially when it comes to ethnic diversity, bearing in mind the post-conflict character of our region. Speaking about the Research, Milivojevic stated that its goal was to determine the characteristics of presentation, correlation/role of journalists, the correlation/role of media and correlation/role (perception) of audience in the creation of the dominant image of selected ethnic minorities and diversities. The Research has shown that it is necessary to change the current way of reporting on ethnic minorities, as well as journalistic practice, to achieve a reduction in distance and intolerance towards certain ethnic minorities. In addition to Research results, professor Milivojevic also gave recommendations for reporting on ethnic cultural diversity.

Dragan Popadic, PhD, professor at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade, talked about ethnic stereotypes, their origin, and subsistence through the media, popular culture and everyday communication, as wll as how stereotypes could be changed and how they were associated with promotion of tolerance and diversity. Professor Popadic explained the difference between prejudice (general feeling), stereotypes (general belief) and discrimination (behavior). He presented the possible causes of stereotypes, according to different theories - ethnocentrism and the division on "us" and "them"; stereotype, as a result of correlation between the two groups, where the content of a stereotype depends on the difference in status between groups and existence of cooperation/conflict between the two. Popadic used a case study (correlation of cooperation between two countries and correlation of their conflict and political disagreements) to explain the originating of stereotypes and role of media in that process. He also explained the key role of media, as means of mass communication, in reduction of stereotypes and prejudices: the media should contribute to increase of tolerance, understanding and acceptance of diversity with their reporting on other ethnic groups and respecting of their differences.

The aim of the second, practical part of the workshop, led by Boban Trajkovic, TV journalist from Production Group "Mreza" and Tatjana Novcic-Matijevic, Culture Editor at Radio Novi Sad, was to provide journalists with practical examples of good and bad journalistic practice in the production of such programs. The journalists had the opportunity to see and hear examples of television and radio reporting on this topic, and jointly analyze and discuss them. Watching and discussing TV reports from Kosovo and Southern Serbia, as well as listening to radio features from multiethnic Vojvodina, journalists, together with the trainers, concluded that a good way to combat stereotypes and prejudices in society was story told about an individual and his daily life.

Summing up all said and heard at the workshop, prof. Milivojevic told present journalists that breaking stereotypes was not an easy job, but that mission of the media was to have a critical attitude towards reality, which implied a critical distance to what was reported about, which excluded deliberate "recycling" of stereotypes. She pointed out that the media should provide a variety of different representations of all of us living in one society, abundance and an opportunity to be all equally heard and seen in a public debate.

By participating in this workshop, which included both theoretical and practical approach, journalists had the opportunity to understand the ways in which ethnic stereotypes are created and strengthened through the chain involving both the media/journalists and the public, to hear and discuss about the possible ways to overcome stereotypes, about their responsibility in this process, and to exchange experiences and views on what would be the best way of reporting on these issues. Journalists from ANEM stations were very interested in the topic of the workshop, confirming the need for improvement of the existing method of reporting on the cultural diversity of ethnic minorities, which the entire ANEM project "Crossing the Bridge of Diversity" is committed to.

This project is financially supported by the European Union through the project "Support to Civil Society", managed by the Delegation of the European Union to the Republic of Serbia and implemented by GOPA Consultants.

The contents of this text are the sole responsibility of ANEM and can in no way be taken to reflect the views and stands of the European Union.

On December 22, 2011, ANEM held a workshop for its members in NUNS premises in Belgrade. Three main topics discussed at this workshop were: Implementation of the Advertising Law - with special reference to the rules on political advertising; Media Strategy and changes in the process of digitalization; the application of the Law on Copyright and Related Rights - tariffs of collective organizations and lists of broadcast musical works and phonograms. The workshop panelists included Slobodan Kremenjak, ANEM lawyer, Sasa Mirkovic, ANEM President and Ksenija Golubovic-Filipovic, attorney at law at the law office "Zivkovic & Samardzic".

The workshop was attended by 15 representatives of 12 ANEM stations: Radio City, Nis; Radio Paracin, Paracin; Radio Kikinda, Kikinda; Radio Far, Alibunar; Radio Em, Knjazevac; Radio Pozega, Pozega; RTV OK, Kovacica; RTK, Kragujevac; RTV Kladovo, Kladovo; RTV Sumadija, Arandjelovac; RTV Krusevac, Krusevac and Timocka television and radio from Zajecar. The aim of this workshop was to enable representatives of ANEM stations to clarify dilemmas in application of two laws (Advertising Law - particularly the provisions of the rules on political advertising and the Law on Copyright and Related Rights), as well as to get acquainted with the solutions of the recently adopted Media Strategy and changes in the digitalization process, of relevance to broadcasters. This workshop was an opportunity for exchanging opinions and discussing other issues and problems that ANEM stations are facing.

Attorney at law Ksenija Golubovic-Filipovic elaborated on the general provisions related to advertising, with emphasis on the rules on political advertising. She also gave instructions and advices to broadcasters how to correctly apply the said rules in the pre-election campaign. She presented legal framework regulating the issue of advertising of political parties - the Advertising Law, Law on Election of Members of Parliament, Broadcasting Law and general binding instructions on the conduct of broadcasters (Code of Conduct for Broadcasters), general binding instructions, brought before each election, to radio and TV stations (broadcasters) for their conduct during the pre-election campaign. She explained the meaning of specific provisions of these laws and the rights and obligations for broadcasters deriving from them. The following issues were specifically addressed in the discussion: advertising of state bodies and organizations; sponsorship in the context of political advertising; advertizing of political organizations; rules on presenting of political parties; respecting election silence; prohibition of covert propaganda; the rules related to publishing results of public opinion polls etc. She pointed to the distinction between the obligations of commercial broadcasters and those for the broadcasters - public companies, which are obliged to follow the rules related to public broadcasting services. She particularly emphasized that, much like prior to every election, the RBA would pass General binding instructions for radio and TV stations (broadcasters) for conduct during the pre-election campaign and publish them on its website. Broadcasters must adhere to the said Instructions, in addition to the above said rules.

The second topic was related to the recently adopted Media Strategy and changes in the process of digitalization. Regarding the Media Strategy, Sasa Mirkovic, ANEM President, elaborated on the issue of state's withdrawal from the media, the solution to form regional public broadcasting services, that is, the effect it would have on the functioning of the media sector and problematic aspects of such solution (unknown model of financing of such public services, selection of media outlets that would get the status of regional public services, lack of mechanisms for achieving the independence of the editorial policy of these services etc.), as well as the allocation of budget funds and methods of control of the state aid. Mirkovic said that the Government's recent actions indicated that the implementation of the Media Strategy was experiencing some problems. The first one is the proposed budget for 2012, which includes the decision on allocation of 368 million dinars directly to the media - budget users, primarily News Agency Tanjug. This questions the willingness of the authorities to respect the Strategy's solutions, stipulating that funds intended for the media shall be distributed through project financing and in accordance with the public interest. The second one is the Draft Law on Cinematography, which, contrary to the Strategy, creates an additional law collision, which could seriously affect the functioning of regulatory bodies, the media and the whole electronic communications sector. Speaking about the process of digitalization, attorney at law Slobodan Kremenjak said that a public debate on the Strategy and changes on Rulebook on the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting of television signal had been launched on the very day of the workshop and that it would last until January 5, 2012. He briefed the participants on the proposed changes in process, specifically noting that the deadline for implementation of digitalization was postponed until further notice; that the idea of ​​switch-off in one day, which was imposed due to the lack of frequencies, had been replaced by the idea of the ‘phased' implementation of digitalization, which was now possible as certain frequencies were made available due to a shutdown of a number of broadcasters; that launching of a pilot test network had been announced. Stations were also informed about benefits, obligations and costs they could expect in this process, and advised to postpone the procurement of equipment, given that the process had been delayed.

The third topic of the workshop was related to the implementation of the Law on Copyright and Related Rights, with special reference to the tariffs of collective organizations and lists of broadcast musical works and phonograms. Here, the way of determining tariffs of collective organizations were discussed and stations were informed about the activities of ANEM as the representative association of broadcasters participating in the negotiations on tariff of collective organizations, as well as about the progress in these proceedings. Determining of the unique tariff of OFPS and PI is pending and is still before the Commission on Copyright and Related Rights. Back in August, ANEM submitted its objections to the proposal of the tariff to the Commission, after which the Commission should have issued its opinion on the proposed unique tariff of the two organizations. As for the tariff of SOKOJ, after unsuccessful negotiations in 2010, in August 2011, the Commission gave a negative opinion on the proposed tariff of SOKOJ, adopting ANEM remarks, after which re-negotiations were organized but had not led to an agreement, because of unacceptable demands of SOKOJ. The Commission has recently given positive opinion on the SOKOJ's proposal of the tariff, which is particularly unfavorable for small stations, since it increases the minimum amount of fees paid by the stations with low incomes. Stations were informed that ANEM would take legal action in this respect, in order to protect the interests of its members. Regarding the lists to be submitted to collective organizations, stations were advised how to meet their legal obligation in this respect, in order to avoid legal consequences of their failure to comply with it. In addition, stations discussed their problems in fulfilling these obligations. The stations also discussed the problems they had with cable operators, due to a lack of regulation of this important issue.

After the workshop, all representatives of the participating stations agreed that they had benefited from this workshop, while the topics discussed at it were very up-to-date. As for the choice and quality of lecturers, the way the topics were treated, responses obtained and quality of debate, the workshop participants rated them as excellent, noting that they especially liked interactivity and dynamics of the discussion. This workshop has shown that such events are indispensable to ANEM members, in order to keep up with current changes in media regulation that might significantly affect their work, but also as an opportunity to discuss problems and challenges they faced in their work, particularly relating to the application of regulations.

 This workshop was organized with the  support of the Civil Rights Defenders.

„Media Funding from State Budget Funds and Media Market Functioning"

This activity was supported by the Civil Rights Defenders

The way in which the majority of local self-governments fulfill their legal obligation to take care and ensure the conditions for public information in their local environment, greatly contributes to the difficult position of local media. Since there is no clearly defined legal way to allocate funds aimed at local media, local governments determine their own way of meeting this obligation. The practice has shown that these funds have been often allocated in a nontransparent way, which creates a basis for unlawful competition on the media market as well as for pressures on local media and it substantially influences the quality of informing on the local level.

The abovementioned problems related to media funding from state budget funds, as well as potential ways of their solving, were the main topics of the workshop that ANEM organized for its member stations, on January 27, 2011, in Belgrade, with the support of the Civil Rights Defenders. The aim of this workshop was to enable the representatives of ANEM stations to better understand regulations, to share local experience in this field, and, together with competent panelist and representatives of competent authorities, discuss recommendations for strategic solving of this issue, especially in the context of preparing the Media Strategy. The workshop panelists were: Slobodan Kremenjak, ANEM lawyer and expert for media laws and Nemanja Nenadic, Executive Director of NGO "Transparency Serbia". The workshop was also attended by the representatives of the Public Procurement Office, Ministry of Culture and local self-governments from cities of Kragujevac, Pirot, Pancevo and Valjevo, as well as the Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities (SKGO/SCTM). Twelve representatives of ten ANEM radio and TV stations participated in the workshop: Radio Ozon (Cacak), Radio OK (Vranje), Radio EM (Knjazevac), RTV Pancevo, RTK (Kragujevac), TV Valjevo, Radio Uzice, Radio Far (Alibunar), JP TV Smederevo, Sremska TV (Sid).

In the first part of the workshop, representatives of ANEM radio and TV stations had an opportunity to obtain information from competent speakers on anti-corruption legislation relevant for this issue, on ways of media funding from state budget funds that were recognized in the domestic legislation, ways of conducting control of illegal competition on the market in cases of allocation of state budget funds to media that were stipulated by law, problems in practice due to the lack of legally defined way of allocating budget funds to media, because of which it was strategically important (to the media and for the quality of local informing) to regulate this field (especially in the context of the preparation of the Media Strategy). In the second part of the workshop, the representatives of the stations discussed the ways the budget funds aimed at media were distributed in their local environments, as well as on problems and their possible solutions. The present representatives of local self-governments and state organs also took active participation in the discussion.

 This activity was supported by the Civil Rights Defenders 

For the electronic media, the Public Information Law, beside the Broadcasting Law, represents the basic legal framework for their work. However, the practice has shown that for them, the implementation of this Law is not that simple, due to some unclear provisions as well as uneven court practice in the proceedings regarding the implementation of this law. In August last year, the controversial Law on Amendments to the Public Information Law was also brought, in spite of the strong reluctance of the media sector. This Law has caused additional sense of insecurity among journalists and media, while at the same time contributing to the increase of self-censorship due to extremely restrictive and unconstitutional provisions, excessive punishments in particular. The Constitutional Court declared the majority of this Law's provisions unconstitutional in July this year.  The dilemma was created among media professionals if these provisions were still valid, since the Court's decision has not yet been published in the Official Gazette of Republic Serbia. For that reason, ANEM organized for its members the workshop titled "Public Information Law in practice", which was held in Belgrade, on November 9, 2010, with the support of the Civil Rights Defenders. The aim of the workshop was to enable the journalists and editors of ANEM stations to understand which provisions of the Public Information Law were applicable and to get necessary explanation of both the provisions and the rights and obligations related to them, provided by the Law, in order to apply them with as little problems as possible and in favor of better quality of informing citizens.

The panelists of the workshop were: Slobodan Kremenjak, attorney at law, ANEM Legal Department; Dragan Lazarevic, Local Press attorney at law and Vesna Dabic, expert, member of the Working Group for amending the Broadcasting Law and former spokesperson for the Supreme Court, current spokesperson for the Administrative Court. Fifteen representatives of twelve ANEM radio and TV stations participated in the workshop: Timocka TV and radio (Zajecar), Novosadska TV (Novi Sad), Radio Far (Alibunar), RTK (Kragujevac), Radio Bus (Kovin), TV Gradska (Nis), Sremska TV (Sid), Radio Kikinda, RTV Krusevac, TV Sumadija (Arandjelovac), TV Smederevo, Radio Paracin, as well as the representative of the Civil Rights Defenders.

The workshop was designed as an open discussion of the panelists and participants. Apart from the clarification of some particular provisions of the Law and advices on how they were applied, the participants could hear numerous examples from practice and receive answers to their questions.

The representatives of ANEM stations had an opportunity to obtain expert information by competent speakers if the provisions of the Law on Amendments to the Public Information Law were still valid although the Constitutional Court declared them unconstitutional; what the obligation to respect the presumption of innocence really meant; what the protection of minors implied; how to report on court proceedings; how were the provisions related to disclosure of private facts and personal records applied; what were the responsibilities of the media in regard to respecting the right to a response and the right to a correction; what were the examples of court practice in media cases; which rules were applied on publishing new media content and so on.

After the workshop, the journalists - participants agreed that, due to the importance of the Public Information Law for their everyday work, this workshop would help them in their future work, since the provisions and their implementation were clearer to them after this event, as well as rights and obligations ensuing from this Law.

On May 20, 2010, ANEM organized and held the workshop for its member stations titled "Implications of the Forthcoming Digitalization for ANEM local/regional stations" in the Belgrade Media Center and with the support of USAID and IREX Serbia. The aim of the workshop was to provide ANEM stations with essential information from the competent speakers about the digitalization process in Serbia, its implications, opportunities as well as obligations imposed by this process. The guests-panelists of the workshop were: representatives of the Public Company "Broadcasting Equipment and Communications", the main role player in the digitalization process as the future network and multiplex operator - Radisa Petrovic, appointed Head of the Broadcasting Equipment Department and Vladimir Homan, Acting Director of the company; representatives of the Ministry for Telecommunications and Information Society - Irini Reljin, PhD, Deputy Minister, Milena Jocic, advisor in the Telecommunications Sector and Biljana Pavlovic, advisor in the Ministry's Sector for European Integration; Jelena Surculija, media law expert and Nikola Linta, Director of Development at B92. The workshop was also attended by the following ANEM guests: Natasa Vuckovic Lesendric, Maja Petrovic and Maja Rakovic from the Ministry of Culture; Katarina Tomic from the Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Society; representatives of the regulatory bodies: Goran Karadzic, Deputy Chairman of the RBA and Aleksandra Stankovic, PR of RATEL; Slobodan Kremenjak from the Law office "Zivkovic & Samardzic" and Tomislav Damnjanovic from Marketing and Sales Company "A-media"; The donor society was represented by Sibina Golubovic from USAID, Ivana Bjelic from IREX and Sanja Stankovic from the OSCE Mission to Serbia.

22 participants, coming from 18 ANEM members, radio and TV stations, took part in this workshop: Radio City, Nis; Radio Ozon and TV Cacak from Cacak; Novosadska TV from Novi Sad; Radio Bus from Kovin; TV Alfra from Uzice; RTV Pannon from Subotica; Radio Em from Knjazevac; Radio Far from Alibunar; RTV OK from Kovacica; RTV Kragujevac from Kragujevac; RTV Trstenik from Trstenik; RTV Krusevac from Krusevac; Radio Kikinda from Kikinda; RTV Pancevo from Pancevo; TV Jedinstvo from Novi Pazar; TV Niska from Nis and RTV Mag from Obrenovac.

The workshop consisted of two parts. In the first part of the workshop, two main representatives of the Public Company "Broadcasting Equipment and Communications" explained the role of this company in the Serbian digital era. After their presentation, representatives of the Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Society provided information on the process of digitalization in Serbia and presented the plans for the digitalization of program broadcasting to the participants. In the second part of the workshop, representatives of ANEM stations had the opportunity to hear the presentation of the media expert Jelena Surculija about the possibilities offered to media in area of program offer, while the director of development at B92, Nikola Linta, spoke about the challenges of digitalization for regulators, broadcasters and audience/viewers.

From the presentations of guest panelists, the participants learned more about technical aspects of the digital transition and chosen technical standards; they also learned about the existing regulatory framework for digitalization, what needed to be amended and which new regulations adopted, what were the regulatory priorities; what were the advantages and risks for media in the process of transition to digital broadcasting, as well as after the termination of the said process; what more was needed to be done in order to successfully carry out the transition and to precisely determine the competence of each regulatory body; what were the state's concrete plans to implement the transition; what were the issues and dilemmas that required adequate response for the utmost satisfaction of all participants in the process. The participants have also learned, among other things, about the two planned multiplexes - the first would enclose all national TV programs and some regional, while the second would contain the rest of the regional and all local TV broadcasts; a multiplex would hold no more than 14 channels; television stations would preserve their service zones, which would be provided with one national and several regional head ends (where the insertion of programs would be done); TV outlets would become content providers and their tasks would be to produce program and ensure its transmission to a multiplex, where program packaging would be done, while the operator would take over the broadcasting; the stations also learned more about what specifically would regulate the Rule Book on the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting and access to multiplex", the provisions of which would be very important for them, what benefits, in terms of content offer, would the digital television provide for as well as new services that would facilitate the work of the media; the frequencies allocated in line with the analogue frequency plan would be preserved by June 17, 2015 (while the digitalization of the radio has been postponed to 2017) etc.

* This activity is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and IREX. The contents are the responsibility of authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

The entire report on the workshop, presentations of the panelists and photo gallery is available below:

Contributing to build capacities of its member stations, on April 28, 2010, ANEM prepared, organized and facilitated the second workshop in Belgrade Media Center, titled "Improvement of Performance by Using Internet and Online Media", supported by USAID and IREX Serbia. The main goal of this workshop was to enable ANEM local and regional member stations to acquire information from competent speakers on the importance of the use of Internet and online media in increasing their audience share, their profits and thus their better positioning on the media market. Guests - panelists at the workshop were: Sinisa Rogic, CEO of INBOX company for web design and development of Internet applications, Jelena Surculija, MA, expert for the new media, Vladimir Novakovic, CEO and Editor of the RTV B92 website, Tomislav Damnjanovic, Director of A-Media, Company for Marketing, Sales, Production and Consulting, Jovan Protic, CEO of the company "Ringier Online" and Uros Ignjacevic, General Manager of the media company "Trident Media Group". The workshop was also attended by Slobodan Kremenjak, Kruna Savovic and Branko Bukvic from the Law office "Zivkovic & Samardzic", Anja Ivanova from Marketing and Sales Company "A-media" and Jana Zaric from the BETA news agency, as well as the representatives of the donor society: Ivana Bjelic and Vladan Nikolic from IREX Serbia and Miroslav Jankovic from the OSCE Mission to Serbia.

23 representatives of 18 ANEM radio and TV stations attended the workshop: Radio Boom 93, from Pozarevac; Radio 021, from Novi Sad; Radio City, from Nis; Radio Ozon, from Cacak; Radio Ema from Bujanovac; Radio Kontakt +, from Kosovska Mitrovica; Radio Sport Plus, from Pirot; TV Cacak, from Cacak; Novosadska TV, from Novi Sad; Radio Bus, from Kovin; TV Alfa, from Uzice; RTV Panon, from Subotica; Radio Em, from Knazevac; Radio Far, from Alibunar; Radio Kikinda, from Kikinda; RTV VK from Kikinda, Kikinda; TV Niska, from Nis and RTV Prima from Bajina Basta.

* This activity is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and IREX. The contents are the responsibility of authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

The entire report, panelists presentations (available only in Serbian) and photo gallery from ANEM workshop can be viewed below: